FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE. (1844-1900)
Phrase "God is Dead" sparked the end of certainty (no Popper and 'Verification Principle'). Lead the way for freedom of thought; introduction of different aims and different morals which the State decides (oppose Locke and Natural Rights).
The "Ubermensch" (Superman) as Antithesis; the end goal in which we assert our own "Will to Live/"Will to Power" (Schopenhauer) through our freedom of choice/action (Existentialism).
"Being and Time" (1927); Right wing view on what it means to exist (the nature of being) which Heidegger labelled "Dasein". He believed that the mind and body together makes understanding impossible. The Anti-Cartesian problem that "we are our minds" and therefore are unable to understand anything beyond it. Berkeley and Hume believed that we can never know.
The concept of "Dasein" refers to the interaction with an external form, such as Creative Writing or Journalism. According to Heidegger, dualism (mind and matter) cannot be possible if "Dasein" exists as this interaction is necessary for acquiring knowledge. For Sartre, "Dasein" is like living as the 'inauthentic self'; denying your own 'will to live' and therefore living in "bad faith". You are merely a social construction instead of living on the basis of choice.
Heidegger described this social construction as 'Facticity'; "we are thrown into the world." We are born at a certain time, in a certain place and therefore, the element of choice can sometimes be eradicated. This agrees with Locke's concept of a "blank slate"; as we already have a past, it is our future that defines us (Existentialism).
